The Acquisition Dictionary

Acquisition terms explained by people who’ve actually signed one — from J&A to IGCE, current with the FAR overhaul.

Browse by category

All terms

Documents & Artifacts

Processes & Methods

Regulations & Policy

Contract Types & Vehicles

Programs & Pathways

8(a) Business Development Program

The 8(a) Business Development Program, authorized by Section 8(a) of the Small Business Act, gives SBA-certified firms owned by socially and economically disadvantaged individuals a nine-year term of access to sole-source and competitive set-aside federal contracts under 13 CFR Part 124.

The 8(a) Business Development Program, authorized by Section 8(a) of the Small Business Act, gives SBA-certified firms owned by socially and economically disadvantaged individuals a nine-year term of access to sole-source and competitive set-aside federal contracts under 13 CFR Part 124.

The Part 19 model deviation reorganizes small business coverage into lifecycle subparts and lets an incumbent 8(a) requirement release automatically when the follow-on is set aside for another socioeconomic program; Part 19 is not in the June 2026 first-batch proposed rules, so published subpart 19.8 still controls absent an agency deviation.

Adaptive Acquisition Framework (AAF)

The Adaptive Acquisition Framework (AAF) is DoD's acquisition structure under DoDI 5000.02: six pathways (urgent capability, middle tier, major capability, software, defense business systems, and services), each governed by its own instruction and picked to fit what is being bought.

The Adaptive Acquisition Framework (AAF) is DoD's acquisition structure under DoDI 5000.02: six pathways (urgent capability, middle tier, major capability, software, defense business systems, and services), each governed by its own instruction and picked to fit what is being bought.

The AAF is DoD policy issued under title 10 authorities rather than FAR text, so the FAR Overhaul's model deviations leave it intact; DoD's companion DFARS class deviations, issued December 2025 through March 2026, rewrite contracting regulation, not pathway policy.

Administrative Contracting Officer vs. Procuring Contracting Officer (ACO vs. PCO)

The procuring contracting officer (PCO) awards the contract and keeps every function not delegated; the administrative contracting officer (ACO) performs the postaward functions FAR 42.302 assigns, working from a contract administration office (in DoD, DCMA). FAR 2.101 defines the ACO; PCO is shorthand, not a FAR-defined term.

The procuring contracting officer (PCO) awards the contract and keeps every function not delegated; the administrative contracting officer (ACO) performs the postaward functions FAR 42.302 assigns, working from a contract administration office (in DoD, DCMA). FAR 2.101 defines the ACO; PCO is shorthand, not a FAR-defined term.

The Part 42 model deviation keeps the 42.202 delegation mechanics and the full 42.302 function lists, adding text that the contracting officer may retain any paragraph (a) function except the four reserved to the cognizant Federal agency (forward pricing rate agreements, final indirect cost rates, Cost Accounting Standards administration, and accounting system adequacy); DoD adopted the model text with DFARS 242 through class deviation 2026-O0050 effective March 6, 2026, and Part 42 was not among the parts in the four proposed rules published June 23, 2026.

Authority to Operate (ATO)

An Authority to Operate (ATO) is a senior official's formal decision to accept the security risk of running an information system, reached through the Risk Management Framework in NIST SP 800-37. Federal systems need one before processing live data, and keeping one is continuous work.

An Authority to Operate (ATO) is a senior official's formal decision to accept the security risk of running an information system, reached through the Risk Management Framework in NIST SP 800-37. Federal systems need one before processing live data, and keeping one is continuous work.

System authorization lives in FISMA, OMB policy, and NIST and DoD issuances rather than the FAR, so the overhaul does not reach it; the June 2026 proposed rule (FAR Case 2026-001) consolidates the FAR's information-security clauses into Part 40 without touching the ATO process.

Best-Value Tradeoff

The best-value tradeoff process permits award to other than the lowest-priced or highest-rated offeror when the source selection authority documents that the superior proposal's benefits are worth its price premium, or that a cheaper proposal's savings outweigh its weaknesses.

The best-value tradeoff process permits award to other than the lowest-priced or highest-rated offeror when the source selection authority documents that the superior proposal's benefits are worth its price premium, or that a cheaper proposal's savings outweigh its weaknesses.

The Part 15 model deviation (RFO-2025-15, issued September 30, 2025, adopted by agencies beginning November 3, 2025) collapses Part 15 into five subparts and adds a highest-technically-rated-with-a-fair-and-reasonable-price evaluation approach alongside tradeoff; the tradeoff authority itself is statutory. Part 15 is not in the June 2026 first-batch proposed rules, so published 15.101-1 remains the baseline absent an agency deviation. (verified September 12, 2026)

Bid Protest (GAO)

A GAO bid protest is a written objection by an interested party to a solicitation or award, filed with the Government Accountability Office under CICA, 31 U.S.C. 3551-3557. Timely filing triggers an automatic stay, and GAO must decide within 100 days.

A GAO bid protest is a written objection by an interested party to a solicitation or award, filed with the Government Accountability Office under CICA, 31 U.S.C. 3551-3557. Timely filing triggers an automatic stay, and GAO must decide within 100 days.

The Part 33 model deviation rebuilds agency protests at 33.104-4 with a 35-day best-effort resolution target and restates the stay at 33.105-3, and Part 33 is in the June 23, 2026 first-batch proposed rules, which drop the FAR's restatement of GAO procedure in favor of a pointer to 4 CFR part 21.

Broad Agency Announcement (BAA)

A Broad Agency Announcement (BAA) is a general solicitation under FAR 35.016 for basic and applied research, announcing areas of research interest rather than a work statement; awards follow peer or scientific review and qualify as competitive procedures under FAR 6.102(d)(2).

A Broad Agency Announcement (BAA) is a general solicitation under FAR 35.016 for basic and applied research, announcing areas of research interest rather than a work statement; awards follow peer or scientific review and qualify as competitive procedures under FAR 6.102(d)(2).

The Part 35 model deviation (RFO-2025-35, issued July 2025) keeps BAA procedures substantively intact, relocating them from 35.016 to 35.102 with plain-language edits.

Buy American Act (BAA)

The Buy American Act (41 U.S.C. chapter 83) establishes a price preference for domestic end products in federal procurement for use inside the United States, applied through FAR Part 25 using a two-part test: U.S. manufacture plus minimum domestic component content.

The Buy American Act (41 U.S.C. chapter 83) establishes a price preference for domestic end products in federal procurement for use inside the United States, applied through FAR Part 25 using a two-part test: U.S. manufacture plus minimum domestic component content.

The RFO Part 25 model deviation keeps Buy American supplies policy in subpart 25.1 with the graduated content thresholds intact and adds a MadeinAmerica.gov waiver-portal step for nonavailability determinations, so confirm section numbers against your agency's class deviation.

Certified Cost or Pricing Data (TINA)

Certified cost or pricing data are the facts contractors must submit and certify as accurate, complete, and current for negotiated actions above the FAR 15.403-4 threshold — $2.5 million, or $10 million for DoD contracts entered into after June 30, 2026 — unless an exception applies.

Certified cost or pricing data are the facts contractors must submit and certify as accurate, complete, and current for negotiated actions above the FAR 15.403-4 threshold — $2.5 million, or $10 million for DoD contracts entered into after June 30, 2026 — unless an exception applies.

The Part 15 model deviation restructures subpart 15.4 but keeps the certified cost or pricing data clauses substantively intact; the bigger change is statutory — Pub. L. 119-60 moved the DoD threshold to $10 million effective June 30, 2026, ahead of conforming FAR text, so check current agency guidance before citing a number.

Class Deviation

A class deviation authorizes an agency to depart from specific FAR or supplement provisions for a category of contract actions rather than a single case — the mechanism agencies are using to implement the Revolutionary FAR Overhaul ahead of formal rulemaking.

A class deviation authorizes an agency to depart from specific FAR or supplement provisions for a category of contract actions rather than a single case — the mechanism agencies are using to implement the Revolutionary FAR Overhaul ahead of formal rulemaking.

Class deviations ARE the current RFO implementation vehicle; DoD maintains parallel DFARS class deviations. This entry's subject is the mechanism itself.

Colors of Money

Colors of money is the practitioner term for appropriation categories such as O&M, procurement, RDT&E, military personnel, and military construction, each legally usable only for its stated purpose, within a fixed period, and up to a fixed amount under 31 U.S.C. 1301, 1502, and 1341.

Colors of money is the practitioner term for appropriation categories such as O&M, procurement, RDT&E, military personnel, and military construction, each legally usable only for its stated purpose, within a fixed period, and up to a fixed amount under 31 U.S.C. 1301, 1502, and 1341.

No impact: appropriations law sits in title 31 and the annual appropriations acts, outside the FAR, so neither the model deviations nor the 2026 proposed rules change how funds are colored, timed, or limited.

Commercial and Government Entity (CAGE) Code

A CAGE code is the identifier the Defense Logistics Agency assigns to a specific entity location doing business with the federal government. FAR 4.1802 requires offerors to provide one before award of any action above the micro-purchase threshold that requires SAM registration or a unique entity identifier.

A CAGE code is the identifier the Defense Logistics Agency assigns to a specific entity location doing business with the federal government. FAR 4.1802 requires offerors to provide one before award of any action above the micro-purchase threshold that requires SAM registration or a unique entity identifier.

The Part 4 model deviation moves CAGE policy under contractor identification at 4.305, keeping the life-of-contract maintenance duty and the 30-day change report, and Part 4 is in the June 23, 2026 proposed rule, which folds CAGE collection into a consolidated offeror-identification provision.

Commercial Products and Services (FAR Part 12)

Commercial products and commercial services are items of a type sold, leased, licensed, or offered in the commercial marketplace, defined at FAR 2.101. FAR Part 12 implements the statutory preference for buying them whenever market research shows they can meet the agency's need.

Commercial products and commercial services are items of a type sold, leased, licensed, or offered in the commercial marketplace, defined at FAR 2.101. FAR Part 12 implements the statutory preference for buying them whenever market research shows they can meet the agency's need.

The Part 12 model deviation (adopted by agencies through class deviations in fall 2025) rebuilds the part around presolicitation, solicitation and award, postaward, and micro-purchase subparts and strips dozens of clause requirements; Part 12 is not in the June 2026 first-batch proposed rules, so the published text remains the baseline absent an agency deviation.

Commercial Solutions Opening (CSO)

A Commercial Solutions Opening (CSO) is a competitive procedure under 10 U.S.C. 3458 by which DoD awards fixed-price contracts for innovative commercial products or services through a general solicitation and peer, technical, or operational review, implemented at DFARS subpart 212.70.

A Commercial Solutions Opening (CSO) is a competitive procedure under 10 U.S.C. 3458 by which DoD awards fixed-price contracts for innovative commercial products or services through a general solicitation and peer, technical, or operational review, implemented at DFARS subpart 212.70.

CSO authority is statutory and implemented in DFARS subpart 212.70, which the FAR Overhaul model deviations do not rewrite; DoD's Part 12 deviation carries forward the commercial framework a CSO award rides on.

Continuing Resolution (CR)

A continuing resolution is a stopgap appropriations act that keeps agencies operating after regular appropriations lapse, funding existing activities at a prior-year rate for operations, generally barring new starts, until full-year appropriations pass or the CR expires.

A continuing resolution is a stopgap appropriations act that keeps agencies operating after regular appropriations lapse, funding existing activities at a prior-year rate for operations, generally barring new starts, until full-year appropriations pass or the CR expires.

The Part 32 model deviation keeps the funds-availability rules at FAR 32.703-2 and 32.703-3 in regulation, so CR-driven contracting mechanics carry through the overhaul unchanged.

Contract Data Requirements List (CDRL)

A Contract Data Requirements List (CDRL, DD Form 1423) is the contract exhibit specifying every data deliverable on a DoD contract — each item citing a Data Item Description with format, frequency, and distribution — required by DFARS 215.470 whenever data are ordered.

A Contract Data Requirements List (CDRL, DD Form 1423) is the contract exhibit specifying every data deliverable on a DoD contract — each item citing a Data Item Description with format, frequency, and distribution — required by DFARS 215.470 whenever data are ordered.

The Revolutionary FAR Overhaul model deviations rewrite the FAR itself, so the DD Form 1423 process is not directly changed; agencies are expected to streamline their own supplements, making DoD class deviations and DFARS revisions the channel to watch.

Contract Line Item Number (CLIN)

A Contract Line Item Number (CLIN) identifies a separately priced deliverable in a federal contract. FAR subpart 4.10 requires each line item to carry a single unit price, its own delivery schedule, and one accounting classification; DoD numbers them 0001 through 9999.

A Contract Line Item Number (CLIN) identifies a separately priced deliverable in a federal contract. FAR subpart 4.10 requires each line item to carry a single unit price, its own delivery schedule, and one accounting classification; DoD numbers them 0001 through 9999.

The FAR Overhaul model deviation moves line-item policy from subpart 4.10 to section 4.202, and Part 4 is in the June 2026 proposed rule covering Parts 1, 2, 4, 33, 39, 40, and 53; DoD's DFARS numbering scheme is unchanged.

Contract Modification

A contract modification is any written change to the terms of an existing contract, executed on Standard Form 30 under FAR Part 43. Bilateral modifications (supplemental agreements) are signed by both parties; unilateral modifications, such as administrative changes and change orders, are signed only by the contracting officer.

A contract modification is any written change to the terms of an existing contract, executed on Standard Form 30 under FAR Part 43. Bilateral modifications (supplemental agreements) are signed by both parties; unilateral modifications, such as administrative changes and change orders, are signed only by the contracting officer.

The Part 43 model deviation, adopted by agencies through class deviations since June 2025, trims non-statutory text but keeps the structure — the unilateral/bilateral split, SF 30, and change-order definitization survive — and Part 43 is not in the June 2026 first-batch proposed rules.

Contract Option

A contract option is a unilateral government right, priced and evaluated at award, to extend a contract's term or buy additional quantities without a new competition. FAR Subpart 17.2 governs when options may be used and the conditions for exercising them.

A contract option is a unilateral government right, priced and evaluated at award, to extend a contract's term or buy additional quantities without a new competition. FAR Subpart 17.2 governs when options may be used and the conditions for exercising them.

The Part 17 model deviation renumbers options coverage (exercise requirements move to 17.204-1, with skip-evaluation approvals one level above the contracting officer), so check the adopted deviation text before citing legacy 17.2 section numbers.

Contracting Officer (CO)

A contracting officer is the government official with authority to enter into, administer, or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings, per FAR 2.101 and 1.602-1. Only a contracting officer can bind the government, and only within the limits of the delegated authority.

A contracting officer is the government official with authority to enter into, administer, or terminate contracts and make related determinations and findings, per FAR 2.101 and 1.602-1. Only a contracting officer can bind the government, and only within the limits of the delegated authority.

The Part 1 model deviation moves contracting officer authority and appointment to 1.402 and 1.403 while keeping the SF 1402, and Part 1 is in FAR Case 2026-001, proposed June 23, 2026, so that restructure is now in formal rulemaking; until a final rule, 1.602 and 1.603 control except under an agency deviation.

Contracting Officer's Representative (COR)

A contracting officer's representative is a government employee designated in writing under FAR 1.602-2(d) to monitor contract performance on the contracting officer's behalf. A COR has no authority to make commitments or changes affecting price, quality, quantity, delivery, or other contract terms.

A contracting officer's representative is a government employee designated in writing under FAR 1.602-2(d) to monitor contract performance on the contracting officer's behalf. A COR has no authority to make commitments or changes affecting price, quality, quantity, delivery, or other contract terms.

The June 23, 2026 proposed rule covering Parts 1, 2, 4, 33, 39, 40, and 53 consolidates COR policy into a proposed FAR 1.404; until it finalizes, 1.602-2(d) and 1.604 control except at agencies operating under the Part 1 model deviation.

Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI)

Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) is information the government creates or possesses, or that an entity handles on its behalf, that a law, regulation, or governmentwide policy requires safeguarding or dissemination controls for — sensitive but not classified, governed by 32 CFR Part 2002.

Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) is information the government creates or possesses, or that an entity handles on its behalf, that a law, regulation, or governmentwide policy requires safeguarding or dissemination controls for — sensitive but not classified, governed by 32 CFR Part 2002.

The June 2026 overhaul proposed rule (FAR Case 2026-001) folds the January 2025 CUI proposed rule into proposed FAR Part 40, standardizes CUI identification on a new form, and relaxes the incident-reporting window from 8 hours to 72; comments closed July 23, 2026.

Cost Accounting Standards (CAS)

Cost Accounting Standards are uniform rules governing how contractors measure, assign, and allocate costs to covered negotiated contracts. The CAS Board issues them at 48 CFR chapter 99; FAR Part 30 governs coverage determinations, Disclosure Statements, and compliance administration on individual contracts.

Cost Accounting Standards are uniform rules governing how contractors measure, assign, and allocate costs to covered negotiated contracts. The CAS Board issues them at 48 CFR chapter 99; FAR Part 30 governs coverage determinations, Disclosure Statements, and compliance administration on individual contracts.

The Part 30 model deviation keeps the subpart structure while pulling cost-impact detail out for separate CAS Board rulemaking, and the changes that bite are outside the FAR: section 1806 of the FY2026 NDAA and the Board's September 1, 2026 final rule move the thresholds to $35 million and $100 million effective October 1, 2026.

Cost-Plus-Fixed-Fee (CPFF)

A cost-plus-fixed-fee (CPFF) contract reimburses allowable costs and pays a fee negotiated and fixed at inception. The fee does not vary with actual cost, though it may adjust when the work changes. FAR 16.306 governs; statutory caps limit the fee.

A cost-plus-fixed-fee (CPFF) contract reimburses allowable costs and pays a fee negotiated and fixed at inception. The fee does not vary with actual cost, though it may adjust when the work changes. FAR 16.306 governs; statutory caps limit the fee.

The current Part 16 model deviation carries CPFF at section 16.304 in a condensed subpart 16.3, and new section 16.104 (Executive Order 14402) requires written justification — with agency-head approval above set thresholds — before any new cost-reimbursement award.

Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC)

The Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC) is the DoD program verifying that contractors protect federal contract information and CUI. Its three levels map to FAR 52.204-21, NIST SP 800-171, and NIST SP 800-172; contract requirements took effect November 10, 2025, currently held at self-assessment Phase 1.

The Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC) is the DoD program verifying that contractors protect federal contract information and CUI. Its three levels map to FAR 52.204-21, NIST SP 800-171, and NIST SP 800-172; contract requirements took effect November 10, 2025, currently held at self-assessment Phase 1.

CMMC lives in 32 CFR Part 170 and the DFARS rather than the FAR, so the overhaul does not rewrite it; the July 2026 Phase 2 suspension is a separate DoD program review, and the proposed FAR Part 40 CUI framework would sit alongside CMMC, not replace it.

DD Form 254 (Contract Security Classification Specification)

The DD Form 254, Contract Security Classification Specification, tells a contractor what classified information a contract involves, at what level, and under what handling requirements. FAR 53.204-1 prescribes it for contracts requiring access to classified information under the National Industrial Security Program.

The DD Form 254, Contract Security Classification Specification, tells a contractor what classified information a contract involves, at what level, and under what handling requirements. FAR 53.204-1 prescribes it for contracts requiring access to classified information under the National Industrial Security Program.

The RFO model deviations reserve FAR subpart 4.4 and move its DD Form 254 machinery to new section 40.302, with clause 52.240-92 replacing 52.204-2; the June 2026 proposed rule (FAR Case 2026-001) would make the relocation permanent.

Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA)

The Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA) performs contract audits for DoD and, by agreement, other federal agencies. Under FAR 42.101 it is normally the responsible government audit agency for contractors other than educational institutions and nonprofits; its reports advise the contracting officer, who decides.

The Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA) performs contract audits for DoD and, by agreement, other federal agencies. Under FAR 42.101 it is normally the responsible government audit agency for contractors other than educational institutions and nonprofits; its reports advise the contracting officer, who decides.

The Part 42 model deviation keeps subpart 42.1 and the 42.101 designation of DCAA as the normal responsible audit agency, edited into plain language; DoD adopted the model text with DFARS 242 through class deviation 2026-O0050 effective March 6, 2026, and Part 42 was not among the parts in the June 23, 2026 proposed rules.

Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA)

The Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA) is the DoD combat support agency that performs contract administration services. When a procuring contracting officer delegates a contract under FAR 42.202, DCMA's administrative contracting officers carry out the FAR 42.302 functions at and near contractor facilities.

The Defense Contract Management Agency (DCMA) is the DoD combat support agency that performs contract administration services. When a procuring contracting officer delegates a contract under FAR 42.202, DCMA's administrative contracting officers carry out the FAR 42.302 functions at and near contractor facilities.

The Part 42 model deviation retains the 42.302 function lists DCMA works from (71 delegable functions in paragraph (a), 11 requiring specific authorization in (b)); DoD adopted the model text with a rewritten DFARS 242 through class deviation 2026-O0050 effective March 6, 2026, and Part 42 was not among the parts in the four proposed rules published June 23, 2026.

Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement (DFARS)

The Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement (DFARS) is the Department of Defense's implementation and supplementation of the FAR, codified at 48 CFR Chapter 2, issued under the authority of the Secretary of Defense, and paired with the non-regulatory PGI companion.

The Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement (DFARS) is the Department of Defense's implementation and supplementation of the FAR, codified at 48 CFR Chapter 2, issued under the authority of the Secretary of Defense, and paired with the non-regulatory PGI companion.

DoD ran the overhaul on its own book in parallel, issuing class deviations 2026-O0002 through 2026-O0050 from December 18, 2025 through March 2026 to adopt RFO text and revise DFARS parts, so check the deviation before citing codified Chapter 2 text.

Determination & Findings (D&F)

A Determination & Findings (D&F) is a signed document in which an authorized official makes a specific determination required by statute or regulation, supported by written findings of fact — the government's standard instrument for justifying discretionary acquisition decisions.

A Determination & Findings (D&F) is a signed document in which an authorized official makes a specific determination required by statute or regulation, supported by written findings of fact — the government's standard instrument for justifying discretionary acquisition decisions.

Part 1 is in the June 2026 first-batch proposed rules (91 FR 37550), which keep D&F policy intact but relocate it from subpart 1.7 to proposed subpart 1.5; confirm numbering once the rule is finalized.

DoD Impact Levels (IL2-IL6)

DoD impact levels sort cloud-hosted defense information by sensitivity: IL2 for non-controlled unclassified information, IL4 for CUI, IL5 for CUI needing added protection plus unclassified national security systems, and IL6 for classified data up to Secret. The level dictates which authorized cloud services may host the data.

DoD impact levels sort cloud-hosted defense information by sensitivity: IL2 for non-controlled unclassified information, IL4 for CUI, IL5 for CUI needing added protection plus unclassified national security systems, and IL6 for classified data up to Secret. The level dictates which authorized cloud services may host the data.

Impact levels live in DoD policy and the DFARS, which the FAR Overhaul does not reach; the nearest touchpoint is proposed FAR Part 40's governmentwide FedRAMP Moderate-equivalence requirement for CUI in the cloud, which parallels the IL framework without displacing it.

Earned Value Management (EVM)

Earned value management integrates a contract's cost, schedule, and technical scope into one performance measurement baseline so progress can be measured objectively. FAR 34.201 requires an EVMS, built to the EIA-748 standard, for major acquisitions for development in accordance with OMB Circular A-11.

Earned value management integrates a contract's cost, schedule, and technical scope into one performance measurement baseline so progress can be measured objectively. FAR 34.201 requires an EVMS, built to the EIA-748 standard, for major acquisitions for development in accordance with OMB Circular A-11.

The Part 34 model deviation, released in the first wave in May 2025, keeps subpart 34.2 with its OMB Circular A-11 and EIA-748 anchors while reserving the separate integrated baseline review notice provisions at 52.234-2 and 52.234-3; Part 34 is not in the June 2026 first-batch proposed rules.

Economy Act

The Economy Act (31 U.S.C. 1535) lets a federal agency order supplies or services from another agency when it serves the government's interest, requires a determination and findings under FAR 17.502-2, and deobligates funds the servicing agency fails to obligate in time.

The Economy Act (31 U.S.C. 1535) lets a federal agency order supplies or services from another agency when it serves the government's interest, requires a determination and findings under FAR 17.502-2, and deobligates funds the servicing agency fails to obligate in time.

The Part 17 model deviation retains subpart 17.5 with plain-language revisions, and the D&F requirement is rooted in the statute, so Economy Act mechanics carry through the overhaul intact.

Engineering Change Proposal (ECP)

An Engineering Change Proposal (ECP) is the formal request, prepared on DD Form 1692 under DoD configuration management practice, to change an approved configuration baseline. A government Configuration Control Board dispositions it; only a modification signed by the contracting officer gives it contractual effect.

An Engineering Change Proposal (ECP) is the formal request, prepared on DD Form 1692 under DoD configuration management practice, to change an approved configuration baseline. A government Configuration Control Board dispositions it; only a modification signed by the contracting officer gives it contractual effect.

The FAR Overhaul's Part 43 model deviation (RFO-2025-43) keeps the bilateral and unilateral modification framework an ECP rides on, and DoD's class deviation 2026-O0034 (effective January 12, 2026) carries DFARS Part 243 into the overhaul; ECP mechanics themselves live in MIL-HDBK-61B and DD Form 1692, which the overhaul does not touch.

Facility Security Clearance (FCL)

A facility security clearance (FCL) is the government's determination, under 32 CFR 117.9, that a company is eligible to access classified information at a specified level. A company cannot apply for its own; a government contracting activity or a cleared contractor must sponsor it.

A facility security clearance (FCL) is the government's determination, under 32 CFR 117.9, that a company is eligible to access classified information at a specified level. A company cannot apply for its own; a government contracting activity or a cleared contractor must sponsor it.

The NISPOM sits in title 32, not the FAR, so the overhaul leaves FCL requirements untouched; the FAR-side hook moves from subpart 4.4 to section 40.302 under the Part 40 model deviation and the June 2026 proposed rule (FAR Case 2026-001).

Fair Opportunity

Fair opportunity is the requirement at FAR 16.505(b)(1) that every awardee of a multiple-award contract be considered for each order exceeding the micro-purchase threshold. Exceptions such as urgency, a single capable awardee, or a logical follow-on must be justified in writing.

Fair opportunity is the requirement at FAR 16.505(b)(1) that every awardee of a multiple-award contract be considered for each order exceeding the micro-purchase threshold. Exceptions such as urgency, a single capable awardee, or a logical follow-on must be justified in writing.

The Part 16 model deviation relocates fair opportunity from 16.505(b) to a tiered 16.507, with separate procedures at the micro-purchase, simplified acquisition, and $7.5 million breakpoints and exceptions at 16.507-6, so confirm section numbers against your agency's adopted deviation.

Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR)

The Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) is the governmentwide regulation establishing uniform policies and procedures for acquisition by executive agencies, codified at 48 CFR Chapter 1 and issued jointly by the Secretary of Defense and the Administrators of GSA and NASA.

The Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) is the governmentwide regulation establishing uniform policies and procedures for acquisition by executive agencies, codified at 48 CFR Chapter 1 and issued jointly by the Secretary of Defense and the Administrators of GSA and NASA.

The FAR is the object of the overhaul itself: E.O. 14275 (April 2025) ordered the rewrite, agencies adopted model deviation text part by part through 2025, and formal proposed rules began publishing June 23, 2026.

Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program (FedRAMP)

The Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program (FedRAMP), codified at 44 U.S.C. 3607-3616 and housed in GSA, provides a standardized, reusable approach to security assessment and authorization for cloud products and services that process unclassified federal information.

The Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program (FedRAMP), codified at 44 U.S.C. 3607-3616 and housed in GSA, provides a standardized, reusable approach to security assessment and authorization for cloud products and services that process unclassified federal information.

FedRAMP is statutory and sits outside the FAR, but FAR Case 2026-001 (proposed June 23, 2026) writes it into proposed Part 40, requiring cloud services that hold CUI to meet security equivalent to the FedRAMP Moderate baseline and excusing FedRAMP-authorized providers with incident-reporting procedures from duplicate CUI incident reporting.

Firm-Fixed-Price (FFP)

A firm-fixed-price (FFP) contract sets a price that is not subject to adjustment based on the contractor's cost experience in performance. FAR 16.202 places maximum cost risk on the contractor, who absorbs every overrun and keeps every underrun.

A firm-fixed-price (FFP) contract sets a price that is not subject to adjustment based on the contractor's cost experience in performance. FAR 16.202 places maximum cost risk on the contractor, who absorbs every overrun and keeps every underrun.

The Part 16 model deviation keeps FFP at 16.202 and adds section 16.104, implementing Executive Order 14402's fixed-price default: other-than-fixed-price contracts now need written justification, with agency-head approval at $100 million for DoD, $35 million for NASA, $25 million for DHS, and $10 million for other agencies.

Government-Furnished Property (GFP)

Government-furnished property is property in the possession of, or directly acquired by, the government and subsequently furnished to a contractor for contract performance. FAR Part 45 sets the policy; the Government Property clause at FAR 52.245-1 carries the contractor's duties.

Government-furnished property is property in the possession of, or directly acquired by, the government and subsequently furnished to a contractor for contract performance. FAR Part 45 sets the policy; the Government Property clause at FAR 52.245-1 carries the contractor's duties.

The Part 45 model deviation, released September 11, 2025, keeps the subpart structure and the 52.245-1 clause family while directing agencies to accept contractors' existing property systems and voluntary consensus standards rather than imposing separate ones; Part 45 was not in the June 2026 first-wave proposed rules.

GSA Multiple Award Schedule (MAS)

The GSA Multiple Award Schedule, still widely called the Federal Supply Schedule, is a program of long-term governmentwide contracts for commercial products and services at negotiated ceiling prices. Agencies place orders and BPAs under FAR Subpart 8.4 rather than Part 13 or 15 procedures.

The GSA Multiple Award Schedule, still widely called the Federal Supply Schedule, is a program of long-term governmentwide contracts for commercial products and services at negotiated ceiling prices. Agencies place orders and BPAs under FAR Subpart 8.4 rather than Part 13 or 15 procedures.

The Part 8 model deviation (August 14, 2025) pulls the prescriptive ordering procedures out of subpart 8.4 and points ordering activities to FSS procedures established by GSA, codified at GSAR subpart 538.71 effective November 3, 2025; Part 8 is not in the June 2026 first-batch proposed rules.

HUBZone Program

The HUBZone program, created by the HUBZone Act of 1997 and run by SBA, steers federal contracts to small businesses that keep their principal office in a historically underutilized business zone and draw at least 35 percent of employees from HUBZone residents.

The HUBZone program, created by the HUBZone Act of 1997 and run by SBA, steers federal contracts to small businesses that keep their principal office in a historically underutilized business zone and draw at least 35 percent of employees from HUBZone residents.

The Part 19 model deviation folds HUBZone presolicitation rules into its lifecycle structure while keeping the set-aside, sole-source, and price-preference mechanics intact; Part 19 is not in the June 2026 first-batch proposed rules, so published subpart 19.13 remains the operative citation absent an agency deviation.

Indefinite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ)

An Indefinite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ) contract buys an unspecified quantity of supplies or services, within stated minimum and maximum limits, over a fixed period. The government buys through task or delivery orders under FAR 16.504, with a preference for multiple awards.

An Indefinite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ) contract buys an unspecified quantity of supplies or services, within stated minimum and maximum limits, over a fixed period. The government buys through task or delivery orders under FAR 16.504, with a preference for multiple awards.

The Part 16 model deviation keeps IDIQ coverage in subpart 16.5, retains the multiple-award preference and the $150 million single-award determination, and adds express on-ramp and off-ramp authority for multiple-award vehicles.

Independent Government Cost Estimate (IGCE)

An Independent Government Cost Estimate (IGCE) is the government's own documented estimate of what a requirement should cost, developed without contractor input, used to validate budgets, evaluate price reasonableness, and support negotiation positions.

An Independent Government Cost Estimate (IGCE) is the government's own documented estimate of what a requirement should cost, developed without contractor input, used to validate budgets, evaluate price reasonableness, and support negotiation positions.

The Part 15 model deviation (September 30, 2025) restructures subpart 15.4's cost and price analysis coverage while keeping the IGCE's role in validating price reasonableness; Part 15 is not in the June 2026 first-batch proposed rules, so published 15.404-1 remains the citation absent an agency deviation. (verified September 12, 2026)

Justification & Approval (J&A)

A Justification & Approval (J&A) is the formal document required by FAR 6.303 to justify awarding a federal contract without full and open competition, citing one of seven statutory exceptions and approved at thresholds based on dollar value.

A Justification & Approval (J&A) is the formal document required by FAR 6.303 to justify awarding a federal contract without full and open competition, citing one of seven statutory exceptions and approved at thresholds based on dollar value.

The Part 6 model deviation was among the first issued (spring 2025) and streamlines competition coverage without generally substantive change; agencies adopted it through class deviations — GSA's RFO-2025-06 in July 2025, DoD via class deviation 2026-O0017, Revision 2 (August 5, 2026), covering DFARS 206. Part 6 is not in the June 2026 first-batch proposed rules, so published FAR 6.303 remains the citation absent an agency deviation. (verified September 12, 2026)

Limitations on Subcontracting

Limitations on subcontracting cap what a small business prime on a set-aside contract may pay subcontractors that are not similarly situated: 50 percent of the amount the government pays for services and supplies, 85 percent for general construction, 75 percent for special trade construction.

Limitations on subcontracting cap what a small business prime on a set-aside contract may pay subcontractors that are not similarly situated: 50 percent of the amount the government pays for services and supplies, 85 percent for general construction, 75 percent for special trade construction.

The RFO Part 19 model deviation rebuilds the part around three subparts and moves the clause prescription to 19.104-3(c); the percentages are statutory and carry over unchanged.

Lowest Price Technically Acceptable (LPTA)

Lowest Price Technically Acceptable (LPTA) is a source selection process that awards to the lowest-priced offeror whose proposal meets minimum acceptability standards — no credit is given for exceeding requirements, and tradeoffs between price and quality are not permitted.

Lowest Price Technically Acceptable (LPTA) is a source selection process that awards to the lowest-priced offeror whose proposal meets minimum acceptability standards — no credit is given for exceeding requirements, and tradeoffs between price and quality are not permitted.

The Part 15 model deviation (September 30, 2025) carries source selection procedures into its condensed five-subpart structure, and the statutory limits on DoD's use of LPTA, implemented at DFARS 215.101-2, remain in force regardless of FAR restructuring. Part 15 is not in the June 2026 first-batch proposed rules, so published 15.101-2 controls absent an agency deviation. (verified September 12, 2026)

Market Research Report

A Market Research Report documents the techniques an agency used to survey the marketplace for a requirement and the conclusions drawn — including available sources, commercial solutions, small business capability, and the competition strategy those findings support.

A Market Research Report documents the techniques an agency used to survey the marketplace for a requirement and the conclusions drawn — including available sources, commercial solutions, small business capability, and the competition strategy those findings support.

The Part 10 model deviation (May 23, 2025) rewrote market research coverage, and the June 23, 2026 proposed rule at 91 FR 37636 moves it from Part 10 into subpart 7.2 under acquisition planning; DoD's Part 7 class deviation 2026-O0020, Revision 1 (September 2, 2026) carries the DFARS acquisition-planning side. The documentation requirement survives with new section numbers pending final rulemaking. (verified September 12, 2026)

Middle Tier of Acquisition (MTA)

The Middle Tier of Acquisition (MTA) is a DoD pathway under 10 U.S.C. 3602 for rapid prototyping and rapid fielding programs completable within five years, exempt from JCIDS and DoD Directive 5000.01 and governed by DoDI 5000.80.

The Middle Tier of Acquisition (MTA) is a DoD pathway under 10 U.S.C. 3602 for rapid prototyping and rapid fielding programs completable within five years, exempt from JCIDS and DoD Directive 5000.01 and governed by DoDI 5000.80.

MTA sits in Title 10 and DoD policy rather than the FAR, so the FAR Overhaul's model deviations do not touch it; the FY 2025 NDAA separately codified the authority at 10 U.S.C. 3602.

Military Interdepartmental Purchase Request (MIPR)

A Military Interdepartmental Purchase Request (MIPR) is the DD Form 448 order a DoD component uses to send a requirement and funds to another military department or agency, accepted on DD Form 448-2 on a reimbursable (Category I) or direct-citation (Category II) basis.

A Military Interdepartmental Purchase Request (MIPR) is the DD Form 448 order a DoD component uses to send a requirement and funds to another military department or agency, accepted on DD Form 448-2 on a reimbursable (Category I) or direct-citation (Category II) basis.

No direct impact: MIPR procedures live in the DFARS, its PGI, and the DoD FMR rather than FAR text, so the Revolutionary FAR Overhaul model deviations leave them untouched.

Modular Open Systems Approach (MOSA)

A modular open systems approach (MOSA) is the integrated business and technical strategy 10 U.S.C. 4401 requires of major defense acquisition programs: modular designs with interfaces built to widely supported, consensus-based standards so components can be added, removed, or replaced across the life cycle.

A modular open systems approach (MOSA) is the integrated business and technical strategy 10 U.S.C. 4401 requires of major defense acquisition programs: modular designs with interfaces built to widely supported, consensus-based standards so components can be added, removed, or replaced across the life cycle.

MOSA sits in title 10 and DoD engineering policy, which the FAR Overhaul's model deviations do not rewrite; the recent statutory movement came from the FY 2025 NDAA, which added interface-standard disclosure requirements to 10 U.S.C. 4401.

NIST SP 800-171

NIST Special Publication 800-171 lists the security requirements for protecting CUI on nonfederal information systems. DFARS 252.204-7012 makes it contractual for defense work — held at Revision 2 by class deviation — and its 110 requirements are the CMMC Level 2 baseline.

NIST Special Publication 800-171 lists the security requirements for protecting CUI on nonfederal information systems. DFARS 252.204-7012 makes it contractual for defense work — held at Revision 2 by class deviation — and its 110 requirements are the CMMC Level 2 baseline.

The June 2026 proposed FAR CUI framework (FAR Case 2026-001) would carry 800-171 governmentwide, its standard form specifying organization-defined parameters for Revision 3, while DoD's class deviation keeps DFARS work on Revision 2.

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Code

A NAICS code is the industry classification a contracting officer assigns to each federal solicitation, chosen for the one industry that best describes the principal purpose of the acquisition. The code fixes the small business size standard that decides who may compete as small.

A NAICS code is the industry classification a contracting officer assigns to each federal solicitation, chosen for the one industry that best describes the principal purpose of the acquisition. The code fixes the small business size standard that decides who may compete as small.

The Part 19 model deviation carries NAICS designation at 19.103(b) and appeals at 19.103(d), keeping the one-code rule and the October 1, 2028 multiple-award change; Part 19 is not in the June 2026 proposed rules, so published 19.102 and 19.103 control absent an agency deviation.

Organizational Conflict of Interest (OCI)

An organizational conflict of interest (OCI) exists when a contractor's other activities or relationships leave it unable to give impartial assistance or advice, or hand it an unfair competitive advantage. FAR subpart 9.5 requires contracting officers to identify conflicts early and avoid, neutralize, or mitigate them before award.

An organizational conflict of interest (OCI) exists when a contractor's other activities or relationships leave it unable to give impartial assistance or advice, or hand it an unfair competitive advantage. FAR subpart 9.5 requires contracting officers to identify conflicts early and avoid, neutralize, or mitigate them before award.

The Part 9 model deviation retains subpart 9.5 with plain-language edits, while a separate proposed rule under FAR case 2023-006, implementing Pub. L. 117-324, would move OCI coverage to a new subpart 3.12 with standard provisions and clauses; that rule remained unfinalized as of this entry's verification, so watch both tracks.

Other Transaction Authority (OTA)

Other Transaction Authority (OTA) lets certain agencies enter agreements for research, prototypes, and follow-on production that are not standard procurement contracts — largely exempt from the FAR — to attract nontraditional contractors and move faster than conventional acquisition allows.

Other Transaction Authority (OTA) lets certain agencies enter agreements for research, prototypes, and follow-on production that are not standard procurement contracts — largely exempt from the FAR — to attract nontraditional contractors and move faster than conventional acquisition allows.

OTs sit outside the FAR and are unaffected by the overhaul's text changes, though the reform climate has increased interest in both.

Past Performance & CPARS

Past performance is a contractor's record on earlier contracts, weighed in source selection under FAR 15.305(a)(2). Agencies document it in the Contractor Performance Assessment Reporting System (CPARS) for contracts over the simplified acquisition threshold, per FAR 42.1502.

Past performance is a contractor's record on earlier contracts, weighed in source selection under FAR 15.305(a)(2). Agencies document it in the Contractor Performance Assessment Reporting System (CPARS) for contracts over the simplified acquisition threshold, per FAR 42.1502.

The Part 42 model deviation moves contractor performance information from subpart 42.15 to subpart 42.11 and drops the source-selection-only framing in favor of use for future purposes; Part 42 is not in the June 2026 first-batch proposed rules, so FAR 42.1503 remains the published baseline absent an agency deviation.

Performance Work Statement (PWS)

A Performance Work Statement (PWS) describes required outcomes and measurable performance standards for a services acquisition rather than prescribing how the work must be done, enabling contractors to propose their own methods under performance-based acquisition.

A Performance Work Statement (PWS) describes required outcomes and measurable performance standards for a services acquisition rather than prescribing how the work must be done, enabling contractors to propose their own methods under performance-based acquisition.

The Part 37 model deviation moves performance-based acquisition policy into subpart 37.1 — the PWS requirement sits at 37.102-1 — while renumbered subpart 37.6 covers nonpersonal health care services; the published FAR still carries 37.602.

Period of Performance (PoP)

The period of performance is the span in which the contractor is bound to perform — base period plus exercised options. For services funded with annual appropriations, its length is bounded by the fiscal-year rules at FAR 32.703-3 and FAR 37.106.

The period of performance is the span in which the contractor is bound to perform — base period plus exercised options. For services funded with annual appropriations, its length is bounded by the fiscal-year rules at FAR 32.703-3 and FAR 37.106.

The one-year severable-services authority is statutory and carries through the overhaul; the Part 37 model deviation restates it, but section numbers shift in the rewritten parts, so verify cites against your agency's adopted deviation text.

Planning, Programming, Budgeting, and Execution (PPBE)

PPBE is DoD's internal resource-allocation process under DoD Directive 7045.14. Planning issues the Defense Planning Guidance, programming builds each component's five-year Program Objective Memorandum, budgeting converts year one into the budget request, and execution reviews how the money performs.

PPBE is DoD's internal resource-allocation process under DoD Directive 7045.14. Planning issues the Defense Planning Guidance, programming builds each component's five-year Program Objective Memorandum, budgeting converts year one into the budget request, and execution reviews how the money performs.

No direct impact: PPBE is internal DoD resource allocation outside the FAR, so the model deviations and 2026 proposed rules rewrite acquisition regulation around it, not the process itself.

Postaward Debriefing (FAR 15.506)

A postaward debriefing is the explanation an agency owes an unsuccessful offeror that requests one in writing within 3 days of award notice. FAR 15.506 requires the evaluation of the offeror's proposal, the overall ranking, and the rationale for award.

A postaward debriefing is the explanation an agency owes an unsuccessful offeror that requests one in writing within 3 days of award notice. FAR 15.506 requires the evaluation of the offeror's proposal, the overall ranking, and the rationale for award.

The Part 15 model deviation moves debriefings into the postaward subpart as 15.301-1 and adds a follow-up-questions section at 15.301-2; Part 15 is not in the June 2026 first-batch proposed rules, so FAR 15.506 remains the published baseline absent an agency deviation.

Procurement Administrative Lead Time (PALT)

Procurement Administrative Lead Time (PALT) measures the time from a defined start point — commonly a validated requirement or issued solicitation — to contract award. It is the standard metric for acquisition process speed and a primary target of federal procurement reform.

Procurement Administrative Lead Time (PALT) measures the time from a defined start point — commonly a validated requirement or issued solicitation — to contract award. It is the standard metric for acquisition process speed and a primary target of federal procurement reform.

PALT reduction is an explicit goal of the Revolutionary FAR Overhaul; expect measurement and reporting emphasis to continue.

Product Service Code (PSC)

A Product Service Code (PSC) is the code from GSA's PSC Manual that identifies what a federal contract buys: products, services, or research and development. FAR 5.207 requires one on each synopsis, and the code follows the action into FPDS reporting.

A Product Service Code (PSC) is the code from GSA's PSC Manual that identifies what a federal contract buys: products, services, or research and development. FAR 5.207 requires one on each synopsis, and the code follows the action into FPDS reporting.

The PSC taxonomy lives in GSA's manual and FPDS rather than FAR text, so overhaul deviations leave the codes untouched; the synopsis requirement that carries the PSC sits in Part 5, which is in the June 23, 2026 proposed rule covering Parts 5, 24, and 29.

Quality Assurance Surveillance Plan (QASP)

A quality assurance surveillance plan (QASP) is the government's written plan for monitoring contractor performance. FAR 46.401(a) directs that it be prepared in conjunction with the statement of work and specify all work requiring surveillance and the method of surveillance.

A quality assurance surveillance plan (QASP) is the government's written plan for monitoring contractor performance. FAR 46.401(a) directs that it be prepared in conjunction with the statement of work and specify all work requiring surveillance and the method of surveillance.

The overhaul consolidates QASP policy in Part 46: the Part 37 model deviation removes former 37.604 as redundant while the Part 46 model text keeps the 46.401 language unchanged; DoD adopted both through class deviations 2026-O0023 (December 18, 2025) and 2026-O0035 (January 20, 2026), and Part 37, but not Part 46, is in a June 23, 2026 proposed rule.

RDT&E vs. O&M vs. Procurement Appropriations

The three workhorse DoD appropriations divide by what the money buys: O&M funds the expenses of running the force, procurement funds investment in end items, and RDT&E funds development and test. DoD FMR Volume 2A draws the lines; 31 U.S.C. 1301(a) enforces them.

The three workhorse DoD appropriations divide by what the money buys: O&M funds the expenses of running the force, procurement funds investment in end items, and RDT&E funds development and test. DoD FMR Volume 2A draws the lines; 31 U.S.C. 1301(a) enforces them.

No impact: appropriation classification lives in the DoD FMR and title 31, outside the FAR, so neither the model deviations nor the June 2026 proposed rules reach it.

Request for Equitable Adjustment (REA)

A Request for Equitable Adjustment (REA) is a contractor's proposal to adjust contract price or schedule for a government-caused change, submitted under the Changes clause rather than as a Contract Disputes Act claim. In DoD, an REA over the simplified acquisition threshold must carry the DFARS 252.243-7002 certification before payment.

A Request for Equitable Adjustment (REA) is a contractor's proposal to adjust contract price or schedule for a government-caused change, submitted under the Changes clause rather than as a Contract Disputes Act claim. In DoD, an REA over the simplified acquisition threshold must carry the DFARS 252.243-7002 certification before payment.

The Part 43 model deviation (RFO-2025-43) retains change order and equitable adjustment procedures in plain-language form, DoD's class deviation 2026-O0034 (effective January 12, 2026) carries DFARS Part 243 into the overhaul, and the REA certification itself is statutory under 10 U.S.C. 3862, so it survives whatever section numbering the final rule lands on.

Request for Information (RFI)

A Request for Information (RFI) is a formal market research instrument used to gather industry input on capabilities, approaches, pricing structures, or draft requirements when the government is not yet ready to solicit — responses are voluntary and non-binding.

A Request for Information (RFI) is a formal market research instrument used to gather industry input on capabilities, approaches, pricing structures, or draft requirements when the government is not yet ready to solicit — responses are voluntary and non-binding.

The Part 15 model deviation (September 30, 2025) moves solicitation and exchanges-with-industry coverage into subpart 15.1, and the June 23, 2026 proposed rule at 91 FR 37636 relocates market research — the context most RFIs serve — from Part 10 into subpart 7.2. Part 15 is not in the first-batch proposed rules, so published 15.201 controls absent an agency deviation. (verified September 12, 2026)

Request for Proposal (RFP)

A Request for Proposal (RFP) is the solicitation used in negotiated acquisitions under FAR Part 15. At minimum, a competitive RFP describes the government's requirement, the anticipated terms and conditions, the information the proposal must contain, and the evaluation factors and their relative importance.

A Request for Proposal (RFP) is the solicitation used in negotiated acquisitions under FAR Part 15. At minimum, a competitive RFP describes the government's requirement, the anticipated terms and conditions, the information the proposal must contain, and the evaluation factors and their relative importance.

The Part 15 model deviation (RFO-2025-15, adopted by agencies beginning November 3, 2025) collapses Part 15 into five subparts and moves solicitation guidance into subpart 15.1, adding a highest-technically-rated-with-a-fair-and-reasonable-price evaluation approach, so confirm section numbers against your agency's adopted deviation.

Request for Quotation (RFQ)

A request for quotation (RFQ) asks vendors for pricing and availability rather than binding offers. Under FAR 13.004 a quotation is not an offer; the government's order in response is the offer, and no contract exists until the supplier accepts it.

A request for quotation (RFQ) asks vendors for pricing and availability rather than binding offers. Under FAR 13.004 a quotation is not an offer; the government's order in response is the offer, and no contract exists until the supplier accepts it.

The Part 13 model deviation (September 18, 2025) rebuilds simplified procedures around presolicitation, solicitation, postaward, and micro-purchase subparts and points RFQ issuance at the deviated Part 12 commercial procedures; Part 13 is not in the June 2026 first-batch proposed rules, so FAR 13.004 controls absent an agency deviation.

Rule of Two

The rule of two directs a contracting officer to set aside an acquisition for small business when there is a reasonable expectation of receiving offers from at least two responsible small business concerns and making award at fair market prices, per FAR 19.502-2.

The rule of two directs a contracting officer to set aside an acquisition for small business when there is a reasonable expectation of receiving offers from at least two responsible small business concerns and making award at fair market prices, per FAR 19.502-2.

The Part 19 model deviation rewrites the rule at 19.104-1 with a single test above the micro-purchase threshold, adding quality and delivery to the price factors, and moves order-level set-asides to 19.111-2; Part 19 is not in the June 2026 first-batch proposed rules, so FAR 19.502-2 still controls absent an agency deviation.

SBIR/STTR (Small Business Innovation Research)

SBIR and STTR are congressionally mandated programs requiring federal agencies with large R&D budgets to fund small business innovation through phased awards — feasibility (Phase I), development (Phase II), and commercialization (Phase III), which carries sole-source follow-on authority.

SBIR and STTR are congressionally mandated programs requiring federal agencies with large R&D budgets to fund small business innovation through phased awards — feasibility (Phase I), development (Phase II), and commercialization (Phase III), which carries sole-source follow-on authority.

Program authority is statutory and outside FAR overhaul scope; implementing contract mechanics still ride on FAR/DFARS text being revised.

Section 889 (Covered Telecom Prohibition)

Section 889 of the FY2019 NDAA bars agencies from buying covered telecommunications equipment or services (Huawei and ZTE telecom gear; Hytera, Hikvision, and Dahua video surveillance) and from contracting with entities that use them. FAR subpart 4.21 implements both prohibitions.

Section 889 of the FY2019 NDAA bars agencies from buying covered telecommunications equipment or services (Huawei and ZTE telecom gear; Hytera, Hikvision, and Dahua video surveillance) and from contracting with entities that use them. FAR subpart 4.21 implements both prohibitions.

The June 23, 2026 proposed rule folds subpart 4.21 into the consolidated supply-chain Part 40, regrouping the provisions and clauses under proposed 52.240-2 and 52.240-3, so the prohibition keeps its Part A and Part B shape but will change clause numbers when the rule finalizes.

Service Contract Act (SCA)

The McNamara-O'Hara Service Contract Act of 1965, codified as Service Contract Labor Standards at 41 U.S.C. chapter 67, requires federal service contracts over $2,500 to pay service employees at least the prevailing wages and fringe benefits set by Department of Labor wage determinations.

The McNamara-O'Hara Service Contract Act of 1965, codified as Service Contract Labor Standards at 41 U.S.C. chapter 67, requires federal service contracts over $2,500 to pay service employees at least the prevailing wages and fringe benefits set by Department of Labor wage determinations.

The RFO Part 22 model deviation (first posted October 9, 2025) keeps subpart 22.10 — the requirements are statutory — while cutting non-statutory material elsewhere in the part.

Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business (SDVOSB)

A service-disabled veteran-owned small business (SDVOSB) is a small business at least 51 percent owned and controlled by one or more service-disabled veterans and certified by SBA under 13 CFR Part 128, making it eligible for set-asides and sole-source awards government-wide.

A service-disabled veteran-owned small business (SDVOSB) is a small business at least 51 percent owned and controlled by one or more service-disabled veterans and certified by SBA under 13 CFR Part 128, making it eligible for set-asides and sole-source awards government-wide.

The Part 19 model deviation folds subpart 19.14's set-aside and sole-source mechanics into its lifecycle structure; Part 19 is not in the June 2026 first-batch proposed rules, so published subpart 19.14 remains the operative citation absent an agency deviation.

Small Business Set-Aside

A small business set-aside restricts competition for an acquisition, or a distinct portion of one, to small business concerns. Between the micro-purchase and simplified acquisition thresholds the set-aside is automatic; above the SAT it is required whenever the rule of two is met.

A small business set-aside restricts competition for an acquisition, or a distinct portion of one, to small business concerns. Between the micro-purchase and simplified acquisition thresholds the set-aside is automatic; above the SAT it is required whenever the rule of two is met.

The Part 19 model deviation consolidates set-asides at 19.104 — one total set-aside test at 19.104-1 that adds quality and delivery to the price factors, partial set-asides at 19.104-2, order-level set-asides at 19.111-2; Part 19 is not in the June 2026 first-batch proposed rules, so FAR Subpart 19.5 controls absent an agency deviation.

Software Acquisition Pathway (SWP)

The Software Acquisition Pathway (SWP) is DoD's pathway under 10 U.S.C. 3603 and DoDI 5000.87 for iterative software delivery: a minimum viable capability release within one year of first obligation, updates at least annually, and no JCIDS or MDAP treatment.

The Software Acquisition Pathway (SWP) is DoD's pathway under 10 U.S.C. 3603 and DoDI 5000.87 for iterative software delivery: a minimum viable capability release within one year of first obligation, updates at least annually, and no JCIDS or MDAP treatment.

SWP lives in Title 10 and DoD policy, which the FAR Overhaul's deviations do not rewrite; current change comes instead from the FY 2025 NDAA codification at 10 U.S.C. 3603 and the March 2025 software acquisition memo.

Source Selection Plan (SSP)

A Source Selection Plan (SSP) documents how a competitive negotiated acquisition will be evaluated and decided: the organization of the evaluation team, the factors and subfactors, their relative importance, and the methodology for reaching an award decision.

A Source Selection Plan (SSP) documents how a competitive negotiated acquisition will be evaluated and decided: the organization of the evaluation team, the factors and subfactors, their relative importance, and the methodology for reaching an award decision.

The Part 15 model deviation (September 30, 2025, adopted by agencies beginning November 3, 2025) collapses Part 15 into five subparts and carries source selection planning with it, and DoD Source Selection Procedures continue to apply on top of whichever text an agency has adopted; Part 15 is not in the June 2026 first-batch proposed rules, so verify section numbers against your agency's adopted deviation. (verified September 12, 2026)

Sources Sought Notice

A Sources Sought Notice is a pre-solicitation announcement, typically posted to SAM.gov, asking companies to identify their interest and capability to perform a prospective requirement — primarily used as market research to shape competition and set-aside decisions.

A Sources Sought Notice is a pre-solicitation announcement, typically posted to SAM.gov, asking companies to identify their interest and capability to perform a prospective requirement — primarily used as market research to shape competition and set-aside decisions.

Parts 5 and 10 both carry FAR Overhaul model deviations, and the June 2026 proposed rule (91 FR 37636) moves market research from Part 10 into subpart 7.2 as part of acquisition planning; verify section numbers before citing.

Statement of Objectives (SOO)

A Statement of Objectives (SOO) is a brief government document stating top-level acquisition objectives and desired outcomes, leaving offerors free to propose their own technical approach and performance work statement in response.

A Statement of Objectives (SOO) is a brief government document stating top-level acquisition objectives and desired outcomes, leaving offerors free to propose their own technical approach and performance work statement in response.

The Part 37 model deviation relocates SOO coverage to 37.102-1(a)(1), keeping the rule that the SOO does not become part of the contract; 37.602(c) remains the citation in the published FAR.

Statement of Work (SOW)

A Statement of Work (SOW) is the contract document that prescribes, in specific and directive terms, the tasks a contractor must perform, the deliverables due, and the schedule — placing responsibility for the approach on the government.

A Statement of Work (SOW) is the contract document that prescribes, in specific and directive terms, the tasks a contractor must perform, the deliverables due, and the schedule — placing responsibility for the approach on the government.

Under the Part 37 model deviation, service work-description policy moves to subpart 37.1 (37.101-1 and 37.102-1); the published FAR still carries Part 11 and 37.602, so both citations remain valid until rulemaking lands.

System for Award Management (SAM) Registration

SAM registration is the System for Award Management record an entity must hold to win federal contracts. FAR 52.204-7 requires registration when submitting an offer and again at award; FAR 52.204-13 requires maintaining it through final payment.

SAM registration is the System for Award Management record an entity must hold to win federal contracts. FAR 52.204-7 requires registration when submitting an offer and again at award; FAR 52.204-13 requires maintaining it through final payment.

The Part 4 model deviation rebuilds registration policy at 4.203 and SAM maintenance at 4.304, and Part 4 is in the June 23, 2026 first-batch proposed rules covering Parts 1, 2, 4, 33, 39, 40, and 53.

Technical Data Rights (Unlimited, Government Purpose, Limited)

Technical data rights are the standard license categories DoD receives in noncommercial technical data under DFARS 252.227-7013, set by funding source: unlimited rights for government-funded development, government purpose rights for mixed funding, and limited rights for development at exclusively private expense.

Technical data rights are the standard license categories DoD receives in noncommercial technical data under DFARS 252.227-7013, set by funding source: unlimited rights for government-funded development, government purpose rights for mixed funding, and limited rights for development at exclusively private expense.

DoD's RFO class deviation 2026-O0036 restructured DFARS Part 227 and consolidated 252.227-7013 and -7014 into a single noncommercial clause, 252.227-7989, while the funding-based rights framework stays anchored in 10 U.S.C. 3771, so check which clause set a given solicitation carries.

Termination for Convenience (T4C)

Termination for convenience is the government's contractual right, exercised by written notice under a FAR Part 49 clause such as 52.249-2, to end all or part of a contract when that is in the government's interest. The contractor is paid for work done plus reasonable profit on it, never anticipatory profits.

Termination for convenience is the government's contractual right, exercised by written notice under a FAR Part 49 clause such as 52.249-2, to end all or part of a contract when that is in the government's interest. The contractor is paid for work done plus reasonable profit on it, never anticipatory profits.

The Part 49 model deviation keeps the one-year settlement proposal window, but the proposed rule for Parts 3 and 49 (FAR Case 2026-007, published June 23, 2026) would cut it to 90 days, shorten inventory schedules to 60 days, and make settlement audits discretionary for the TCO; DoD adopted the model text through class deviation 2026-O0010 effective February 1, 2026.

Termination for Default (T4D)

Termination for default is the government's contractual remedy, under FAR Subpart 49.4 and the Default clause at 52.249-8, for a contractor's failure to deliver on time, make progress, or perform another contract provision. The contractor is paid nothing for undelivered work and owes the government's excess reprocurement costs.

Termination for default is the government's contractual remedy, under FAR Subpart 49.4 and the Default clause at 52.249-8, for a contractor's failure to deliver on time, make progress, or perform another contract provision. The contractor is paid nothing for undelivered work and owes the government's excess reprocurement costs.

The Part 49 model deviation carries the default framework over intact, with the 10-day cure notice, show cause notice, excess reprocurement cost recovery, and convenience conversion for excusable failures all retained; the proposed rule for Parts 3 and 49 (FAR Case 2026-007, published June 23, 2026) describes its subpart 49.4 edits as clarifying when a cure notice applies and when a show cause notice is practicable, and DoD adopted the model text through class deviation 2026-O0010 effective February 1, 2026.

Time-and-Materials (T&M)

A time-and-materials (T&M) contract pays fixed hourly labor rates — wages, overhead, G&A, and profit built in — plus materials at actual cost. FAR 16.601 permits it only when the extent or duration of the work cannot be estimated accurately at award.

A time-and-materials (T&M) contract pays fixed hourly labor rates — wages, overhead, G&A, and profit built in — plus materials at actual cost. FAR 16.601 permits it only when the extent or duration of the work cannot be estimated accurately at award.

The Part 16 model deviation retains T&M coverage in subpart 16.6, and section 16.104 (Executive Order 14402) pulls T&M and labor-hour awards into the written-justification and approval regime for other-than-fixed-price contracts.

Unauthorized Commitment and Ratification

An unauthorized commitment is an agreement that does not bind the government solely because the person who made it lacked contracting authority. Ratification is the approval of that commitment, under FAR 1.602-3, by an official with authority to do so, which lets the vendor be paid.

An unauthorized commitment is an agreement that does not bind the government solely because the person who made it lacked contracting authority. Ratification is the approval of that commitment, under FAR 1.602-3, by an official with authority to do so, which lets the vendor be paid.

The Part 1 model deviation moves ratification from 1.602-3 to 1.405 in a rewritten Subpart 1.4, keeps the definitions, the head of the contracting activity as ratifying official, the chief of the contracting office delegation floor, and the acceptance, authority, propriety, price, legal concurrence, and funds tests, drops the catch-all condition on other agency-procedure limitations, and routes nonratifiable cases to 31 U.S.C. 3702 or Subpart 50.1; the proposed rule for Parts 1, 2, 4, 33, 39, 40, and 53 (FAR Case 2026-001, published June 23, 2026) keeps the 1.405 placement, and DoD adopted the model text through class deviation 2026-O0002 effective February 1, 2026.

Undefinitized Contract Action (UCA)

An undefinitized contract action (UCA) is a DoD contract action, commonly a letter contract, under which performance begins before terms, specifications, or price are agreed. DFARS 217.74 caps obligations at 50 to 75 percent of the not-to-exceed price until definitization.

An undefinitized contract action (UCA) is a DoD contract action, commonly a letter contract, under which performance begins before terms, specifications, or price are agreed. DFARS 217.74 caps obligations at 50 to 75 percent of the not-to-exceed price until definitization.

UCA policy lives in the DFARS and title 10 rather than the FAR, so the overhaul does not rewrite it directly; the RFO Part 16 model deviation retains letter contract coverage at 16.603, so the companion citation carries over.

Unique Entity Identifier (UEI)

The Unique Entity Identifier (UEI) is the 12-character alphanumeric ID that SAM.gov generates for every entity doing business with the federal government. Owned and issued by the government, it replaced the proprietary DUNS number on April 4, 2022.

The Unique Entity Identifier (UEI) is the 12-character alphanumeric ID that SAM.gov generates for every entity doing business with the federal government. Owned and issued by the government, it replaced the proprietary DUNS number on April 4, 2022.

The Part 4 model deviation keeps the identifier under contractor identification at 4.305 — UEI and CAGE code maintained for the life of the contract, changes reported within 30 days — and Part 4 is in the June 23, 2026 first-batch proposed rules.

Women-Owned Small Business Program (WOSB/EDWOSB)

The Women-Owned Small Business (WOSB) program, created by section 8(m) of the Small Business Act, lets contracting officers set aside contracts, and make limited sole-source awards, to SBA-certified women-owned small businesses in NAICS codes where SBA finds women-owned firms underrepresented.

The Women-Owned Small Business (WOSB) program, created by section 8(m) of the Small Business Act, lets contracting officers set aside contracts, and make limited sole-source awards, to SBA-certified women-owned small businesses in NAICS codes where SBA finds women-owned firms underrepresented.

The Part 19 model deviation reorganizes small business coverage into presolicitation, evaluation-and-award, and postaward subparts; Part 19 is not in the June 2026 first-batch proposed rules, so published subpart 19.15 still controls absent an agency deviation.